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Johansson, Lina, 2023. Soil health on organic farms : linking organic farmer practices to soil health and yield. Second cycle, A2E. Uppsala: SLU, Dept. of Soil and Environment

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Abstract

Soil health is a part of the sustainable agriculture which the EU is trying to develop. Organic farming can be one way of working towards more healthy soils. The term soil health can be divided into biological, chemical, and physical aspects of the soil that are necessary to sustain the plants grown. This master thesis was conducted within the CONSTRAINTS-project which aims to provide knowledge to help improve the expansion of organic agriculture systems in regions of high productivity with proportionally few organic farms. The purpose of this master thesis was to assess the soil health on a group of organic fields with varying management in Västra Götaland, Sweden. The fields were included in the CONSTRAINTS-project and had varying management. The soil health was studied by analysing the bulk density (BD), potential mineralisation of nitrogen (pot-min), visible and near infrared reflectance (vis-NIR), clay content, pH, and plant nutrients. The BD, pot-min and vis-NIR were measured using soil samples collected during the summer of 2022. Clay content was retrieved from a digital soil map whereas soil pH and plant nutrients were analysed in an earlier soil sampling during autumn 2021 within the CONSTRAINTS-project. The different soil health indicators were related to the farmers’ management, which was collected through interviews, and the yield. The results showed variations in the measured indicators between the different fields and statistical analyses were made to link the measured indicators to the yield. The soil health indicators that were closest related to the winter wheat yield were pH, and vis-NIR measurements (which are strongly related to clay and SOM content). The management practices that were most correlated with yield were connected to the fertilisation, age of the ley and proportion of legumes in the ley.
Keywords: organic farming, bulk density, farm management.

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Jordhälsa är en del i det hållbara jordbruk som utvecklas i EU. Ett sätt att jobba mot en bra jordhälsa är genom ekologisk odling. Termen jordhälsa kan delas upp i biologiska, kemiska och fysiska aspekter som är nödvändiga i jorden för att växterna ska kunna utvecklas och överleva. Detta examensarbete utfördes som en del i CONSTRAINTS-projektet, vars målsättning är att ta fram kunskap för att kunna utveckla den ekologiska odlingen i områden där det finns en hög produktivitet men låg andel ekologiska gårdar. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att kartlägga jordhälsan på en grupp ekologiska gårdar, med varierande odlingsåtgärder, i Västra Götaland. Detta utfördes genom analyser av ett antal indikatorer: skrymdensitet (BD), potentiell mineralisering av kväve (pot-min), vis-NIR, lerhalt, pH och växtnäringsämnen. Skrymdensitet, pot-min och vis-NIR mättes på jordprover som samlades in under sommaren 2022. Information om lerhalt hämtades från den digitala åkermarkskartan medan pH och tillgänglig växtnäring kom från en tidigare jordprovtagning under hösten 2021 inom CONSTRAINTS-projektet. Resultaten visade på variationerna i indikatorerna mellan de olika gårdarna och statistiska analyser utfördes för att relatera indikationerna till skörd. Odlingsåtgärderna på de olika gårdarna undersöktes med hjälp av intervjuer. Indikatorerna för jordhälsa som var starkast relaterade med skörden var pH och vis-NIR mätningarna (som är starkt relaterade till lerinnehåll och andel organiskt material i jorden). Odlingsåtgärderna som korrelerade mest till skörden var gödslingen, vallens ålder och baljväxtinnehåll. Nyckelord: ekologisk odling, skrymdensitet, odlingsåtgärder.

Main title:Soil health on organic farms
Subtitle:linking organic farmer practices to soil health and yield
Authors:Johansson, Lina
Supervisor:Wetterlind, Johanna
Examiner:Öborn, Ingrid
Series:Examensarbeten / Institutionen för mark och miljö, SLU
Volume/Sequential designation:2023:02
Year of Publication:2023
Level and depth descriptor:Second cycle, A2E
Student's programme affiliation:NY011 Agricutural programme - Soil/Plant, 300.0hp
Supervising department:(NL, NJ) > Dept. of Soil and Environment
Keywords:organic farming, bulk density, management
URN:NBN:urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-18704
Permanent URL:
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-18704
Subject. Use of subject categories until 2023-04-30.:Agricultural research
Soil science and management
Soil fertility
Language:English
Deposited On:22 Mar 2023 08:18
Metadata Last Modified:23 Mar 2023 02:02

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