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Hultberg, Tove, 2005. Kisel som växtstärkande medel : en litteraturstudie. SLU, Dept. of Crop Science, Alnarp. Alnarp: SLU, Dept. of Crop Science

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Abstract

Kisel (Si) är det näst vanligaste ämnet (drygt 25 %) i berggrunden. Bara en del av detta är tillgängligt som monokiselsyra, den form i vilken kisel är upptagbart för växter. Jordens kiselinnehåll är beroende av bergets vittring. Mycket höga halter av kisel återfinns i naturen i vulkaniska substrat (pimpsten innehåller drygt 66 % Si och scoria närmare 47 % Si), i diatomit (ett mineral bestående av resterna från encelliga kiselhaltiga alger, s.k. diatoméer) innehållande <40 % Si) samt i en del leror (30-60 % Si). Olika växtslag är olika benägna att ta upp kisel. Högre växter kan delas in i tre kategorier (1) växter med aktivt kiselupptag, (2) växter med passivt kiselupptag och (3) växter som undviker kisel. Också lagringsplatsen för kisel i växten varierar med växtslag. Gemensamt för alla växtslag är dock att äldre växtdelar vanligen innehåller mer kisel än yngre och att när ämnet fastlagts är det fullkomligt immobilt i växten.

Kisel räknas vanligen inte som ett växtnäringsämne. För att ett ämne ska anses som essentiellt (livsnödvändigt) för en växt krävs att växten inte klarar av att genomföra sin livscykel utan detta ämne. Några belägg för att kisel skulle ha denna inverkan finns inte. Däremot finns många undersökningar som visar på att kisel kan ha främjande effekter på växter. Bland annat har ämnet visat sig ha en skyddande effekt mot angrepp av växtpatogener, främst svamp. Hypotesen är att detta sker i form av ett mekaniskt skydd, genom att kisel lagras under växtens epidermis och därmed hindrar svampens hyfer från att tränga in i växten. Det finns även tydliga indikationer på att kisel skulle sänka växtens transpiration, öka fotosyntesen, samt ha en för växten fördelaktig inverkan på upptag av andra ämnen.

Abstract
Silica (Si) is the second most abundant element (fully 25%) in the earth´s crust. Just some of this is available as monosilic acid, the form in which silica is possible to assimilate for plants. The amount of silica in the soil is dependent of the weathering of the rocks. Very high content of silica is found in the nature in volcanic substrates (pumice: > 66 % Si, scoria approximatly 47% Si), in diatomite (a mineral consisting of the remainings of single celled algae, diatoms containing < 40 % Si) and in some clays (30-60% Si). Plant species differ in silica uptake. Higher plants can be devided into three categories (1) plants with active uptake, (2) plants with passive uptake, and (3) plants that avoid silica. Also the deposition site for silica varies between plant species. However older plantparts usually contain more silica than younger ones. Once the compound has been deposited it becomes completely immobile in the plant.

Silica is usually not viewed as an essential nutrient for plants. In order to be considered essential to plants, it is required that the plant is not able to complete it´s life cycle without this element. Today there is no evidence that silica would have this effect. On the other hand there are many studies that show beneficial effects of silica on plants. Among these silica has shown to have a protecting effect against attack of plant pathogens, primary fungi. It has been proposed that silica acts as a mechanical barrier, by depositing under the plant epidermis and thereby restraining the fungal hyphae from penetrating the plant. There are also distinct indication that silica might decrease the plant´s transpiration, increase photosynthetic activity, and promote uptake of other elements.

,

Silica (Si) is the second most abundant element (fully 25%) in the earth´s crust. Just some of this
is available as monosilic acid, the form in which silica is possible to assimilate for plants. The
amount of silica in the soil is dependent of the weathering of the rocks. Very high content of
silica is found in the nature in volcanic substrates (pumice: > 66 % Si, scoria approximatly 47%
Si), in diatomite (a mineral consisting of the remainings of single celled algae, diatoms
containing < 40 % Si) and in some clays (30-60% Si). Plant species differ in silica uptake.
Higher plants can be devided into three categories (1) plants with active uptake, (2) plants with
passive uptake, and (3) plants that avoid silica. Also the deposition site for silica varies between
plant species. However older plantparts usually contain more silica than younger ones. Once the
compound has been deposited it becomes completely immobile in the plant.
Silica is usually not viewed as an essential nutrient for plants. In order to be considered essential
to plants, it is required that the plant is not able to complete it´s life cycle without this element.
Today there is no evidence that silica would have this effect. On the other hand there are many
studies that show beneficial effects of silica on plants. Among these silica has shown to have a
protecting effect against attack of plant pathogens, primary fungi. It has been proposed that silica
acts as a mechanical barrier, by depositing under the plant epidermis and thereby restraining the
fungal hyphae from penetrating the plant. There are also distinct indication that silica might
decrease the plant´s transpiration, increase photosynthetic activity, and promote uptake of other
elements.

Main title:Kisel som växtstärkande medel
Subtitle:en litteraturstudie
Authors:Hultberg, Tove
Supervisor:Alsanius, Beatrix
Examiner:UNSPECIFIED
Series:Examensarbeten inom trädgårdsingenjörsprogrammet
Volume/Sequential designation:2005:23
Year of Publication:2005
Level and depth descriptor:Other
Student's programme affiliation:Other
Supervising department:(LTJ, LTV) > Dept. of Crop Science
Keywords:kisel, växtnäring
URN:NBN:urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-8903
Permanent URL:
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-8903
Subject. Use of subject categories until 2023-04-30.:Plant physiology - Nutrition
Faculties > Faculty of Landscape Planning, Horticulture and Agricultural Science (until 2013)
Language:Swedish
Deposited On:17 Nov 2017 08:48
Metadata Last Modified:14 Feb 2019 09:37

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