Epsilon Archive for Student Projects

Abstract

The main purpose of this study was to investigate how environmental deficiencies within sled dog companies affect the welfare of the dogs (Canis familiaris). Additionally, the study analyzed how current Swedish animal welfare legislation relates to the dogs’ actual biological needs. The direct impact of the physical surroundings on canine physical and mental well-being was thoroughly evaluated to determine whether more specific legislative requirements are needed to ensure the welfare of outdoor-housed sled dogs.
A literature review was conducted focusing on environmental factors and dog welfare using keyword combinations such as sled dog, thermal comfort, bedding material, space allowance and welfare. Data from the County Administrative Board’s control project in Norrbotten 2024, together with current animal welfare legislation formed the practical framework of the study. Out of a total of 410 initial search results, 30 scientific articles were selected based on their relevance to the aim of the study.
The results showed that environmental deficiencies such as limited space, poor insulation in the doghouse, lack of dry and soft bedding material and missing outlook posts presented serious welfare risks. Insufficient insulation or oversized doghouses risked causing physiological stress and weight loss due to increased energy spent on thermal regulation. Moreover, restricted space and low environmental complexity inhibited species-specific behaviours, leading to apathy, stereotypies or aggression. In contrast, larger spaces and functional resources increased positive social interactions and behavioural control. Finally, the study emphasized the complexity of sled dog behaviours as stress-related restlessness or repetitive behaviour risk being misinterpreted as positive excitement or work motivation.
In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that animal welfare cannot be evaluated solely by enclosure size. The quality of the environment and functional Resources are the true determinants of well-being. This study highlights a critical discrepancy regarding minimum dimensions for doghouses, suggesting that current legal size requirements may have a counterproductive effect for Cold climates. Ultimately, this knowledge provides crucial insights for future legislative revisions and is essential for ensuring the ethical and sustainable future of the growing sled dog tourism industry.