Epsilon Archive for Student Projects

Abstract

The topic of genetically modified (GM) crops elicits a considerable degree of controversy within the field of agriculture. While certain nations are actively embracing the advantageous aspects associated with technological advancements, others demonstrate reluctance towards adopting such innovations due to a multitude of reasons. However, despite these controversies, the progress of technology adoption in countries like Malawi is not impeded. Nevertheless, the exorbitant expenses associated with Bt seed jeopardize its affordability and accessibility, thereby presenting significant obstacles for adoption amongst smallholder farmers facing limited resources. Malawi is among the nations that have embraced the commercialization of Bt cotton subsequent to the achievement of effective confined field trials. Given the considerable costs associated with Bt seeds, this research aims to examine the potential of Malawi's farm input subsidy program (FISP) in diversifying the smallholder farming portfolio with Bt cotton for the purpose of improving livelihoods. The study utilizes mixed methods to investigate the socioeconomic profile of farming households in Malawi. Furthermore, the research documents the perspectives of key informants and farmers regarding the usefulness of FISP and the potential of Bt cotton in the context of Malawi. The findings indicate that cotton holds substantial economic value as a cash crop for Malawi. However, it is evident that a significant number of cotton farmers lack sufficient access to the necessary inputs including high value seeds, have deficiencies in technologies and extension services, as demonstrated by the farmers' limited understanding and awareness of Bt cotton. The research outcomes also delineate the impact of FISP on maize cultivation within the smallholder farming community. It further demonstrates that FISP has the capacity for incorporating modifications, thereby offering potential avenue for diversification with crops beyond maize and include cash crops such as Bt cotton. Nevertheless, the financial requirements associated with the inclusion of the expensive Bt seed may present challenges in terms of budgetary constraints for FISP.