Waern, Sara, 2015. Restoring biodiversity in degraded secondary rain forest in Sabah, Malaysia : natural regeneration of trees after restoration treatments. Second cycle, A2E. Umeå: SLU, Dept. of Forest Ecology and Management
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Abstract
Many tropical rain forests has been lost or degraded as a result of human activities and environmental factors. Since the level of biodiversity is high in the tropics, maintaining these areas is of great importance. Forests like these are often assumed to benefit from forest restoration and rehabilitation. The INIKEA project area in Eastern Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, aims to improve biodiversity and/or species richness in the degraded forest through enrichment planting with indigenous species. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate how different treatments (liberation, gap-cluster planting and line planting) affect the biodiversity of natural regeneration in different forest types in the Rain forest Restoration Experiment, located in the INIKEA project area. The forest in this experiment was divided into three types based on the degree of disturbance they had been exposed to. Species richness, species rank abundance (including evenness), biodiversity indices and measurements of ecological distance were compared between treatments and forest types for all size classes of forest vegetation (i.e. trees, saplings, seedlings and seeds). The results showed that there were almost no differences regarding biodiversity in natural regeneration between treatments, but some significant differences between forest types. However, the differences between forest types were not consistent throughout all analyses. The differences between forest types may indicate that they are in need of different treatments when practicing restoration. Also, large differences in species richness and evenness could be observed between the different tree size classes. The greater differences between forest types than between treatments could be explained by the recently performed treatments. The forest types have been constant for a longer time period and the differences should be larger between the forest types than the treatments. The differences between the size classes could mostly be explained by inter- and intraspecific competition and the, at the time of the inventory, ongoing mast fruiting. To be able to observe possible differences between the effects of the treatments in this project, more time is needed.
,De tropiska regnskogarna har som ett resultat av mänsklig påverkan och miljöfaktorer blivit allt färre och av sämre kvalitet. På grund av den höga biodiversiteten som återfinns i regnskogar är bibehållandet av sådana områden av stor betydelse. Tropiska regnskogar tros gynnas av restaurering och rehabilitering. INIKEA-projektet i östra Sabah, Malaysiska Borneo, jobbar med hjälpplantering med inhemska arter för att öka biodiversiteten samt artrikedomen i de degraderade skogarna i området. Målet med den här uppsatsen var att utvärdera hur olika behandlingar (liberation, gap-cluster planting och line planting) påverkar biodiversiteten hos den naturliga föryngringen i olika skogstyper i ett restaureringsprojekt, vilket var lokaliserat i INIKEAS projektområde. Skogsområdet i experimentet var indelat i tre skogstyper baserat på dess störningsgrad. Artrikedom, rangordningsbaserad artabundans (inklusive jämnhet i artsammansättning), biodiversitetsindex och ekologiskt avstånd jämfördes mellan behandlingar och skogstyper för alla storleksklasser av skogsvegetation (dvs. träd, saplings, plantor och frön). Resultaten visade att det knappt fanns några skillnader gällande biodiversitet i naturlig föryngring mellan de olika behandlingarna, men signifikanta skillnader mellan skogstyperna. Skillnaderna mellan skogstyper var dock inte likartade och beständiga i alla analyser. Skillnaderna mellan skogstyperna kan indikera att de olika skogstyperna kräver olika typer av skötsel vid genomförandet av restaurering. Återkommande skillnader i artrikedom och jämnhet i artsammansättningen hos de olika storleksklasserna observerades. Den större skillnaden mellan skogstyper än behandlingar kunde förklaras av att behandlingarna utförts relativt nyligen i området. Skogstyperna har varit konstanta under en längre tidsperiod och en större skillnad mellan dessa var därför väntad. Skillnaderna mellan olika utvecklingsstadier kunde främst förklaras genom inter- och intraspecifik konkurrens samt genom det, under inventeringens gång, pågående fröfallet. För att kunna utläsa eventuella skillnader mellan behandlingarnas effekt i detta projekt krävs att projektet får fortgå ytterligare några år.
Main title: | Restoring biodiversity in degraded secondary rain forest in Sabah, Malaysia |
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Subtitle: | natural regeneration of trees after restoration treatments |
Authors: | Waern, Sara |
Supervisor: | Ilstedt, Ulrik and Gustafsson, Malin |
Examiner: | Hallsby, Göran |
Series: | Examensarbeten / SLU, Institutionen för skogens ekologi och skötsel |
Volume/Sequential designation: | 2015:6 |
Year of Publication: | 2015 |
Level and depth descriptor: | Second cycle, A2E |
Student's programme affiliation: | SY001 Forest Science - Master's Programme 300 HEC |
Supervising department: | (S) > Dept. of Forest Ecology and Management |
Keywords: | skogsbrand, selektiv avverkning, Dipterocarpaceae, assisterad naturlig föryngring (ANR), forest fire, selective logging, Dipterocarpaceae, assisted natural regeneration (ANR) |
URN:NBN: | urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-4385 |
Permanent URL: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-4385 |
Subject. Use of subject categories until 2023-04-30.: | Forestry - General aspects |
Language: | English |
Deposited On: | 29 May 2015 15:26 |
Metadata Last Modified: | 29 May 2015 15:26 |
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