Nilsson, Annika, 2012. Calf health before and after change in housing system – isolated barn vs. hutches. Second cycle, A2E. Skara: SLU, Dept. of Animal Environment and Health (until 231231)
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Abstract
Calf health is of importance both from a financial perspective and from an animal welfare point of view. Housing system and environment are factors affecting the calves’ health. The objective of this project was to make a review of literature on calf health and housing and to perform an observational study on calf health at Nötcenter Viken, Research Dairy Farm, Lantmännen Sweden that changed calf housing system; from a traditional indoor system (Group IN) to outdoor hutches (Group OUT). It was only the housing system that was changed; the routines and feed were the same in both systems. Frequencies of pneumonia and diarrhoea, and the use of antibiotics in the different systems were compared in this study. Pneumonia was the most common registered disease followed by diarrhoea. More than twice as many diagnoses of pneumonia were registered in Group IN (255 diagnoses) compared to Group OUT (114 diagnoses). The percentage of calves diagnosed with pneumonia in Group OUT was still high compared to earlier Swedish studies. There was a significant difference in diarrhoea between the groups (p=0.0016), although the difference was not as large as in pneumonia (30.5% of the calves in Group IN was diagnosed with diarrhoea compared to 21.3% in Group OUT). Diarrhoea as well as pneumonia was diagnosed in a higher proportion of calves compared to earlier Swedish studies. One reason for the higher percentage of registered diarrhoea could be the problem with coccidian parasites that exists on the farm, but the same proportion of treated and untreated calves was later diagnosed with diarrhoea. More antibiotics were used for treatments in Group IN than in Group OUT; 63% and 37% respectively of the total use of antibiotics during the study period. Most of the antibiotics were used for treatment of pneumonia. Age at diagnosed diarrhoea was usually between 5 and 18 days of age with the highest number of calves at 9 days of age in Group IN and 11 days in Group OUT. Age at diagnosed pneumonia was more evenly spread in ages and did not have a peak at a specific age, but both groups seemed to follow a similar trend.
,Kalvhälsa är viktig för att ge kalvarna en god djurvälfärd, dessutom är sjuka kalvar ekonomiskt kostsamt för djurägaren. Det är många faktorer som påverkar kalvarnas hälsa varav inhysnings system och miljön runt kalvarna är två faktorer. Syftet med denna studie var att jämföra kalvhälsan vid inhysning i ett isolerat stall (Group IN) med inhysning av kalvar i hyddor (Group OUT). Studien baserades på data från en mjölkgård som ändrade inhysning av kalvarna från isolerat stall till hyddor. Endast inhysningsform ändrades, rutiner och foder var de samma i båda systemen. Jämförelsen baserades på antalet registrerade lunginflammationer och diarréer samt registrerade behandlingar med antibiotika i de båda inhysningssystemen. Lunginflammation var den vanligast förekommande sjukdomsregistreringen i båda inhysningssystemen följt av diarréer. Andelen kalvar som fick lunginflammation var dubbelt så hög i Group IN (56 %) jämfört med Group OUT (25 %). Trots att andelen kalvar som fick lunginflammation var betydligt lägre i Group OUT så var antalet fortfarande högt jämfört med tidigare svenska studier. Det var en signifikant skillnad mellan andelen kalvar som diagnostiserades med diarré i Group IN (30.5 %) jämfört med Group OUT (21.3 %), men skillnaden i diarré var inte lika stor mellan grupperna som skillnaden i lunginflammationer. Även andelen kalvar som diagnostiserades med diarré var högre i båda grupperna än tidigare svenska studier. En anledning till att det var en högre andel kalvar som registrerades med diarré kan ha varit att det fanns ett problem med koccidier på gården. Vid jämförelse mellan kalvar behandlade med Baycox och obehandlade så var procentsatsen av kalvar som fick diarré den samma. Majoriteten av kalvarna som diagnostiserades med diarré var mellan 5 och 18 dagar med högsta antal vid 9 dagar i Group IN och 11 dagar i Group OUT. Ålder vid lunginflammation var mindre koncentrerad jämfört med ålder vid diarré, men båda grupperna följde ett liknande mönster. Av den totala mängden antibiotika användes 63 % i Group IN och 37 % användes i Group OUT. Majoriteten av antibiotikan användes till behandling av lunginflammationer.
Main title: | Calf health before and after change in housing system – isolated barn vs. hutches |
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Authors: | Nilsson, Annika |
Supervisor: | Frössling, Jenny and Arnesson, Annika and Torsein, Maria and Johansson, Björn |
Examiner: | Johansson, Birgitta |
Series: | Studentarbete / Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för husdjurens miljö och hälsa |
Volume/Sequential designation: | 453 |
Year of Publication: | 2012 |
Level and depth descriptor: | Second cycle, A2E |
Student's programme affiliation: | 1010H Agriculture Programme - Animal Science 270 HEC |
Supervising department: | (VH) > Dept. of Animal Environment and Health (until 231231) |
Keywords: | calf health, hutch, isolated barn, pneumonia, diarrhoea |
URN:NBN: | urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-2138 |
Permanent URL: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-2138 |
Subject. Use of subject categories until 2023-04-30.: | Animal husbandry Animal ecology Animal diseases |
Language: | English |
Deposited On: | 08 Apr 2013 14:40 |
Metadata Last Modified: | 08 Apr 2013 14:41 |
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