Epsilon Archive for Student Projects

Abstract

The aim of this review was to examine scientific literature to determine what kind of physiological and psychological benefits derive from human-dog interaction, as well as attempt to uncover a possible mechanism behind these benefits and whether or not they are mutually beneficial.

A growing body of research indicates there are physiological and psychological benefits associated with human-dog interaction. Significant cardiovascular benefits have been linked with human-dog interaction, as have lowered blood pressure, cortisol and heart rate. Interaction with dogs is often associated with a feeling of social support and well-being, and dogs also seem to facilitate social interaction between people. Dogs’ ability to buffer and reduce stress is also well documented.

A strong indication was found regarding a relationship between physical contact and benefits associated with human-dog interaction. Studies also suggested an impact on hormonal activity during interaction within as well as between species. A possible sequence of events was put forward which suggested a connection between social or physical interaction, a release of the hormone oxytocin and physiological as well as behavioural benefits.

In conclusion, studies suggest interaction between humans and dogs may be mutually beneficial. There is also evidence pointing to oxytocin as a plausible mechanism behind the benefits associated with human-dog interaction. This is due to oxytocin-mediated effects such as lowering of blood pressure, cortisol and heart rate, as well as establishment of emotional bonds and facilitation of e.g. physical and social interactions.