Epsilon Archive for Student Projects

Abstract

Reintroductions are a way to help animal species increase in number and prevent them from becoming extinct in the wild. In this study, three different reintroduction projects are discussed and common denominators for what has succeeded and failed in the various projects have been investigated. The aim was to identify what is required to successfully reintroduce a species into the wild. The three different reintroduction projects are the island fox (Urocyon littoralis), the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and the bettong (Bettongia lesueur).

All the projects were successful as the populations increased in numbers in the wild after the reintroductions. The requirements for a successful reintroduction of a species into the wild are careful planning, knowledge of the species and a breeding plan to reduce the risk of inbreeding depression or decreased genetic diversity. It is also important to identify and eliminate the threats to the species that are endangered, this to give them a chance to survive after their release. An essential step for a successful reintroduction is to restore habitats for the species to ensure they can survive and reproduce in the wild. To guarantee the well-being of animals, they need a natural environment and natural feed so they can exhibit natural behavior. Supplementary feeding has also helped the animals with the transition from captivity to the wild. Monitoring the animals after release has proven effective in tracking the populations and ensuring no individuals die from starvation.

Challenges in the different projects were predation, such as when foxes killed some of the bettongs, and disease, for instance when some of the island foxes suffered from mastitis and died. Another issue was lack of knowledge, for example in the bettong project when the animals were released into unnatural groups.

It is not just about releasing animals into the wild. They need to survive and that requires time, planning and resources. Reintroductions are not only about saving one species but also the entire ecosystems. Ethical questions also need to be considered, is it right to risk the suffering of some individuals for the survival of the species? Another important question is whether reintroductions are sustainable in the long term. By understanding what has worked well and what has not, we can make better decisions for future conservation efforts.